My cholesterol is high. What does that actually mean?

If you’ve been told your cholesterol is high, it’s common to feel unsure about what that actually means for your health.

Cholesterol is a type of fat found in the blood that the body uses for important functions, including hormone production and cell health. The issue arises when levels of certain types become elevated over time, contributing to changes in the blood vessels.

Cholesterol is usually broken down into a few key components:

• LDL cholesterol – often described as “low-density lipoprotein” or the type that can contribute to plaque build-up in the arteries when elevated over time

• HDL cholesterol – often described as “high-density lipoprotein” or the type that helps transport cholesterol away from the arteries

• Triglycerides – another type of blood fat influenced by diet, activity levels and overall metabolic health

In some cases, your doctor may also look at additional markers such as ApoB or Lp(a), which can provide more detailed information about cardiovascular risk.

High cholesterol typically causes no symptoms, which is why it is usually identified through blood testing.

Why this matters for your heart

High cholesterol is a key modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including heart disease and stroke.

Over time, elevated cholesterol can contribute to plaque build-up and narrowing of the arteries, which can reduce blood flow and increase cardiovascular risk.

The encouraging part is that cholesterol levels can often be improved through consistent lifestyle changes and medication prescribed by your doctor. There are usually several factors that can be influenced over time.

How exercise helps

Regular physical activity supports healthy cholesterol levels and overall cardiovascular health through several pathways.

Exercise helps improve how the body processes and transports fats in the bloodstream, including supporting reductions in LDL cholesterol and increases in HDL cholesterol in some people. It also improves how efficiently the muscles and liver handle circulating fats over time.

Beyond cholesterol itself, exercise supports healthier blood vessel function, improved circulation, and more efficient energy metabolism. These combined effects contribute to a more favourable cardiovascular risk profile over time.

What type of exercise is most helpful?

A combination of aerobic, resistance and regular daily movement is generally recommended to support long-term cardiovascular health.

Aerobic (cardio) exercise
Activities such as walking, cycling, swimming or group classes help support heart health, circulation and lipid metabolism.

Resistance (strength) training
Strength training can be beneficial when introduced appropriately. It supports muscle health, metabolic function and overall cardiovascular wellbeing.

Everyday movement
Regular movement throughout the day supports metabolic health and helps reduce prolonged sedentary time.

We offer support through 1:1 Exercise Physiology, Clinical Pilates or small group classes — in person at Bondi Junction, Sydney, or via telehealth across Australia.